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Posted by John Galt on October 17, 2008, 6:05 pm
Mr Bubble wrote:
> http://www.bloggingstocks.com/2008/10/15/will-lehman-bankruptcy-drop-400-
> billion-shoe-on-october-21st
>
>
> Will Lehman bankruptcy drop a $400 billion shoe on October 21st?
>
> Posted Oct 15th 2008 10:20AM by Peter Cohan
>
>
> The financial crisis is not over. If things were back to normal, banks
> would be lending to each other and to businesses and individuals. But
> measures of bank lending risk suggest fear is 12 times as high as it
> would be in normal times. The reason? Banks know more than you do about
> what's wrong. And they're not talking about it because they don't want
> you to withdraw your deposits and sell your stock. What they know is that
> on October 21st, some of the biggest players on Wall Street could be
> required to come up with $400 billion that some may not be able to pay.
>
> Last month, the White House decided that we could afford to let Lehman
> Brothers file for bankruptcy. That proved to be an enormous mistake. It
> triggered a run on money market funds because one of the oldest such
> funds, Reserve Primary, broke the buck since it held Lehman Brothers
> paper. The U.S. responded with a $50 billion guarantee of money market
> funds. But the biggest consequence of that mistake is in the $54.6
> trillion market for Credit Default Swaps (CDSs).
>
> A CDS is like selling insurance on your car to hundreds of people who
> don't own it -- yet if your car goes up in flames each of those people
> collects the full value of your car. More specifically, CDSs are
> insurance against a bond or loan default. Why are CDSs so dangerous?
> Three reasons: a CDS seller does not need to put any capital aside to
> cover losses if the security defaults, the buyer doesn't need to own the
> asset it wants to protect, and there is no central place where
> information about all these CDS deals is collected and updated.
>
> Surely our biggest financial institutions would shun such risky
> contracts, right? Wrong. Thanks to $16 billion in CDS insurance premiums
> over the last two years, three of the largest banks on Wall Street --
> JPMorgan Chase (NYSE: JPM), Citigroup Inc. (NYSE: C) and Bank of America
> (NYSE: BAC) -- control 92% of the CDS market. For years, those CDS
> premiums were almost pure profit. But the financial crisis has changed
> all that.
>
> Imagine that 100 firms had accepted a CDS contract to guarantee payment
> on a $1 billion bond and then the bond issuer entered bankruptcy and
> stopped making payments. That would mean that the recipients of those CDS
> premiums would need to pay up. Following the burning car analogy, the CDS
> policyholder would get $100 billion (while oversimplified, this example
> calculates the $100 billion figure by multiplying the 100 insurers by the
> $1 billion bond amount). But the CDS market does not require those 100
> firms to hold any capital in reserve in case they have to pay off their
> bet. And if they don't have the money to fulfill their obligations, one
> option is a bankruptcy filing.
>
> This comes to mind in considering how Lehman's bankruptcy could spur a
> system wide collapse. On October 21st, the settlement of Lehman CDSs will
> be announced and it could involve payments of between $100 billion and
> $400 billion. One of the biggest payers will be American International
> Group (NYSE: AIG) which is now famous for taking $122.8 billion of our
> money and enjoying plush retreats.
>
> But there are others -- such as hedge funds and investment banks -- which
> are also likely to be on the hook. Fear of what will happen on October
> 21st is keeping the credit markets frozen.
>
> If you're wondering how this situation ever arose in the first place, you
> don't have to look all that far. In 2000, John McCain's chief economic
> advisor, Phil "Americans are Whiners" Gramm, deregulated the CDS market.
If I'm not mistaken, this is inaccurate. The CDS market was never regulated.
http://www.portfolio.com/interactive-features/2008/10/Timeline-of-Derivatives-Market
JG
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